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Objective
Reliable and simple methods to quantify visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and VAT changes are needed. This study investigated the validity of dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) compared with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for estimating VAT cross sectionally and longitudinally after surgery‐induced weight loss in women with severe obesity.
Methods
Women with obesity (n = 36; mean age...
Objective
Recent studies have observed that racial or ethnic adult health disparities revealed in national data dissipate in racially integrated communities, supporting the theory that “place, not race” shapes the nature and magnitude of racial/ethnic health disparities. This study tested this theory among children.
Methods
In 2020, the racial/ethnic childhood obesity disparities within integrated...
Objective
This study aimed to explore the following: 1) the impact of Champ4Life’s intervention on intuitive eating and food reward; and 2) associations between changes in eating behavior and changes in body composition.
Methods
A total of 94 former athletes (mean [SD], BMI = 31.1 [4.3] kg/m2, age = 43.0 [9.4] years, 34% female) assigned to intervention (n = 49) and control groups (n = 45) underwent...
Objective
Food‐seeking behaviors can be driven by food‐associated cues, and palatable food seeking in response to food cues is a risk factor for obesity development. Cue‐induced food seeking increases following a period of abstinence, a behavioral phenomenon known as “incubation of craving,” which may contribute to an individual’s difficulty abstaining from palatable foods. Pharmacological and environmental...
Objective
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is a potential mediator of exercise‐induced hepatic mitochondrial adaptations.
Methods
Here, male and female hepatocyte‐specific eNOS knockout (eNOShep−/−) and intact hepatic eNOS (eNOSfl/fl) mice performed voluntary wheel‐running exercise (EX) or remained in sedentary cage conditions for 10 weeks.
Results
EX resolved the exacerbated hepatic...
Objective
This study investigated the sex‐associated difference in the impact of obesity on antibody response to a COVID‐19 vaccine.
Methods
This study included 2,435 health care workers who received two doses of the BioNTech, Pfizer (BNT162b2) vaccine and participated in a serological survey, during which they were tested for anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 spike immunoglobin G (IgG) antibodies and asked for...
Objective
This study sought to evaluate the effect of 52 weeks of exenatide extended release (XR) on the maintenance of meal replacement therapy (MRT)‐induced BMI reduction in adolescents with severe obesity.
Methods
In this randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial, 100 participants aged 12 to 18 years with BMI ≥ 1.2 × 95th percentile were enrolled in a short‐term MRT run‐in phase. Those...
Objective
This study aimed to assess the effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on weight loss, physical activity, and sleep in adults with overweight or obesity participating in a 39‐week weight‐loss intervention.
Methods
Participants (n = 81, 85% female, mean [SD] age 38.0 [7.8] years, BMI 34.1 [5.7] kg/m2) were enrolled in 3 separate cohorts. Cohorts 1 and 2 were studied prior to the pandemic (pre‐COVID...
The metabolic syndrome comprises a family of clinical and laboratory findings, including insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, low high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and hypertension, in addition to central obesity. The syndrome confers a high risk of cardiovascular mortality. Indeed, metabolic dysfunction has been shown to cause a direct insult to smooth muscle and endothelial...
Objective
This study sought to assess whether diabetes affects coronary microvascular function in individuals with normal body weight.
Methods
Seventy‐five participants (30 patients with type 2 diabetes [T2D] who were overweight [O‐T2D], 15 patients with T2D who were lean [LnT2D], 15 healthy volunteers who were lean [LnHV], and 15 healthy volunteers who were overweight [O‐HV]) without established...
Objective
The health benefits of exercise are well documented, but several exercise‐response parameters are attenuated in individuals with obesity. The goal of this pilot study was to identify molecular mechanisms that may influence exercise response with obesity.
Methods
A multi‐omics comparison of the transcriptome, proteome, and phosphoproteome in muscle from a preliminary cohort of lean individuals...
Objective
The primary aim of this study was to examine the change in left ventricular mass (LVM) in adults with overweight or obesity in response to a behavioral weight‐loss intervention, with variable physical activity (PA) prescriptions.
Methods
A total of 383 adults were randomized to a 12‐month intervention of diet modification (DIET), DIET plus 150 min/wk of PA (DIET+MODPA), or DIET plus prescription...
Objective
The aim of this study was to review bariatric procedure outcomes among patients with Prader‐Willi syndrome (PWS), melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) mutations, Bardet‐Biedl syndrome, and hypothalamic obesity.
Methods
Systematic published literature review used the following search terms: “Prader‐Willi syndrome,” “Bardet‐Biedl syndrome,” “hyperphagia,” “bariatric surgery,” “MC4R”/“melanocortin...
Objective
This trial aimed to evaluate the acceptability and efficacy of early time‐restricted eating plus daily caloric restriction (E‐TRE+DCR) compared with DCR alone within a behavioral weight‐loss intervention.
Methods
Participants (n = 81, 69 women, mean [SD] age: 38.0 [7.8] years, BMI: 34.1 [5.7] kg/m2) were randomized to E‐TRE (10‐hour eating window starting within 3 hours of waking) plus...
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